Improvement in baking apparatus



1. P. HAYES.

Domestic Oven.

Patented Jany 30. 1849.

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UNITEDv STATES PATENT! .Qriicla IMPROVEMENT. IIN .BAKlN'GJAPPAR'ATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 64M-i3., dated-January 30, 1849.

To CZZZ whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, JOHN P. HAYES, of Boston, in the countyof Suffolk" and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Baking or Cooking Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following description, taken in connection Awith the accompanying drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature and principles of my said invention, by which it may be' distinguished from others of a similar class, `together with such parts as I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

Tle figures of the accompanying plate of drawings represent my new cooking apparatus.

Figure l is a front elevation, and Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3is a central trans- Verse vertical section taken in the plane of the line AB, Figs. l, 2, 4, 5, and 6. Fig. 4 is a Vertical section takenin the plane of the line C D, Figs. 2, 5, and 6; and Figsf and (i are horizontal sections taken in the planes of the lines E F and G I'I, respectively. (See Figs. 3 and 4.)

My design in devising my aforesaid new cooking apparatus was to secure an arrangement of several parallelcooking or baking apartments one above the other, and so combined with the tire-chamber as to provide for cooking meat, bread, and other articles requiring a large amount of heat to penetrate through them in the apartment immediately over the irechamber, while in the upper apartments cake and pastry may be thor oughly baked by carrying the smoke, the., entirely around them in a manner which willbe explained in the sequel.

d @,Figs. 3 and et, is the tire-chamber, properly lined, as shown in said figure, and having a supplyingnnouth at Z), Figs. l and 3, a grate c, and ash-pit cZ beneath said grate. This tire-chamber is covered with the horizontal plate c e, arranged with proper holes (and covers) for boiling-spaces, as shown at f f, and having the rectangular openings g g g g-one on each side-for the passage of the smoke, ctc., as shown'in Figs. l and 5. Over this plate e e is arranged the large cooking chamber h 7i 7L h, for cooking meat, dac., havdrawings.

ing two sets of doors i i Za Zt', as shown in the The sides of this apartment, as well as those of the two baking-chambers Z Z ZZ m 'm m m, are placed at a proper distance from the exterior side plates n n n n of the apparatus, so as to provide a proper fluespace to the top of the same, as shown at o o 0 o, Fig. et. The two baking-chambers Z Z Z Z m m m m are arranged one above the other, the former-named being above the' chamber or apartment h Zt 7i Zt, and these several chambers are separated from each other by the horizontal flue-spaces p q p g, Figs. 8 and 4. These horizontal tlues are divided in a transverse direction by the vertical plates r r, Fig. 3, extending from side to side of the apparatus, and said horizontal fines communicate with the lvertical fines o o o o first at the front corner of the apparatus and then at the backv corner diagonally opposite to this front corner, and so on, the communication being through the rectangular spaces s s and t t, formed in the top and bottom plates of the chambers h h h Zt Z Z Z Z m m m m, as shown in Fig. 6, which plates extend from side to side of the apparatus and with the plates fr r divide the flues 0 o o o, making the smoke pass from a portion of one to aportionof the other through the horizontal flues p q p q, as eX- plained below. The iiues thus arranged may be considered as'two continuous right-angular iiues, and the route of the smoke through one of them is entirely distinct from that in the other, and the two currents constantly traverse in contrary directions by each other (on opposite sides of the plates r r) until they arrive at the upper horizontal flue u u, Figs. 3 and Il, where they combine, and are then discharged through the pipe o. In other Words, the smoke in one tlue passes up on the right side of the chamber 7i h 7i Zt, then horizontally over the same in front of the lower partition-plate r, then up a little on the left side of the lower oven Z Z Z Z, through one ot` the openings t t at the back corner of the apparatus and horizontally behind the upper vertical plate i', then up again on the right side of the upper oven m m m m into the flue u u, where it meets the smoke from the other rightangular flue, which has passed in the opposite direction and on the other sides of the said vertical plates r r, the route in the two flues being indicated by full black arrows when the smoke passes in front of the plates o r and by dotted black arrows when it passes behind the same, and the smoke, &c., passing by this arrangement around each oven-chamber.

`Each of the baking-chambers and the lower cooking-chamber are provided with suitable ledges cast on the interior of the side plates of the same, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 at a a a', for the support of slides, pans, &c., and said lower chamber has a circular hole 5c at the back for the escape of the steam, clac. Said chambers are also provided with sliding registers h b b b in their respective doors, as shown in Fig. l, and turning registers c c c in their backs, which latter communicate with the vertical rectangular hollow shaft d d', closed at the top and bottom and arranged lon the back of the apparatus, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, which several registers, &c.,

may be so operated as to effectually ventilate f the ovens or to carry the redundant heat from one to the other, as the case may require.

Severalboiling-spacesfff f are formed in the top plate of the apparatus over the flue-space u u, which enhance the cooking capacity of the apparatus.

The several plates of the apparatus vare l framed together in the usual Way, and 'are confined in position after being fitted by the .1

It will be evident that other baking-chambers may be added above those described and the smoke-iiues continued around them substantially on the principle I have herein set forth, the only limit to such extension being that where all the heat has been extracted or radiated from the smoke, &c.

Having thus described my improvements, I shall state my claims as follows:

What I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is-

l. A cooking or vbaking' apparatus having several parallelbaking-chambers with divided horizontal flue-spaces between them communicating with vertical flue-spaces on each side lof them, substantially as hereinabove described, and so as to make the smoke, &c., fpass around said chambers, as above set forth.

2. Connecting said chambers withv each :other by the combination of the turning1 registers c c c in their backs with the vertical hollow shaft d CZ', in the manner and for the purpose hereinabove set forth. Y

In testimony that the foregoing is a true description of my said invention I have hereto .set my 'signature this '7 th day of August, A. D. 1848.

Witnesses:

EZRA LINCOLN, Jr., LUTHER BRIGGS, Jr.

JOHN P. HAYES.` 

